Olivier Messiaen - Chronochromie; La Ville; Et exspecto (Pierre Boulez)

Information

Composer: Olivier Messiaen

1. Chronochromie: 1. Introduction
2. Chronochromie: 2. Strophe I
3. Chronochromie: 3. Antistrophe I
4. Chronochromie: 4. Strophe II
5. Chronochromie: 5. Antistrophe II
6. Chronochromie: 6. Epode
7. Chronochromie: 7. Coda
8. La Ville d'en haut
9. Et exspecto resurrectionem mortuorum: I. "Des profondeurs de l'abîme" (Psaume 130, 1-2)
10. Et exspecto resurrectionem mortuorum: II. "Le Christ, ressuscité des morts" (Romans 6, 9)
11. Et exspecto resurrectionem mortuorum: III. "L'heure vient" (Jean 5, 25)
12. Et exspecto resurrectionem mortuorum: IV. "Ils ressusciteront" (I Corinthiens 15, 43 - Apocalypse 2, 17 - Job 38, 7)
13. Et exspecto resurrectionem mortuorum: V. "Et j'entendis la voix d'une foule immense..." (Apocalypse 19, 6)

Cleveland Orchestra

Pierre Boulez, conductor

Date: 1993

Label: Deutsche Grammophon

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Review

Boulez spoke, in his conversation with SP in last month's issue, of his pleasure at performing Messiaen with an orchestra relatively unfamiliar with his music. It sounds as though the Cleveland Orchestra must have enjoyed it too. You would expect them to, perhaps, in such a passage as that in the fourth movement of Et exspecto, where the two superimposed plainchant melodies return together with the noble ''theme of the depths''—it has great splendour, as does the chorale melody of the finale, rising at the end to a satisfyingly palpable fffff. And in this performance of Chronochromie you can hear why Messiaen said that certain pages of it were ''a double homage to Berlioz and Pierre Schaeffer [the French pioneer of electronic music]''. But I would imagine that the Cleveland players and Boulez have also enjoyed working on the really awkward passages of these scores. I have in mind the beginning of the second movement of Et exspecto, where Messiaen rather perplexingly remarked that the character of the melody is defined by the way the notes decay, not by their attack. What he meant, I suspect, was that the work was written to be played in the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris, and in this passage he deliberately used the building's cavernous acoustic. Boulez, who conducted the second performance in the much drier Theatre de l'Odeon, knows perfectly well that this moment needs immaculate phrasing and subtle control of dynamics if the effect is not to be lost, and he and his players manage it ideally.

In the penultimate section of Chronochromie, that famous or notorious ''Epode'' in which 18 string players impersonate different birds, the problems of clarity and precision are obviously extreme, and they are expertly negotiated here, but a feeling that time has stopped also needs to be conveyed (it is for this reason, probably, that Messiaen quite uncharacteristically estimated the duration of this passage as ''a good ten minutes'' here it takes less than half that). And it is, no doubt because by the time they came to record it the players were no longer gritting their teeth and counting like mad, but really enjoying their participation in a dawn chorus.

Absolute rhythmic precision and the clarity of colour that comes from meticulous balance are among the other pleasures of these performances. They make a most satisfying coupling, too, and not only for admirers of Messiaen: the most obvious 'encore' after following the development of richly harmonized melody from the ''Antistrophes'' of Chronochromie through Et exspecto to the huge chorale of La ville d'en haut would be a performance of Boulez's own monumental Rituel. The recordings are excellent: clean but not clinical and ample in dynamic range.

— Michael Oliver

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Olivier Messiaen (10 December 1908 – 27 April 1992) was a French composer, organist and teacher renowned for his highly original compositions. After studying at the Paris Conservatory with Dukas, Widor and Dupré, among others, he became organist at Sainte-Trinité in Paris in 1931. During World War II, he composed Quartet for the End of Time while imprisoned in Germany. As a teacher at the Paris Conservatory, he mentored leading composers such as Pierre Boulez and Karlheinz Stockhausen. His major works include Turangalîla-Symphonie, Catalogue d’oiseaux, and the opera St. François d’Assise.

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Pierre Boulez (26 March 1925 – 5 January 2016) was a French composer, conductor and music theorist. A leading figure in avant-garde music, he was noted for his uncompromising commitment to modernism and the trenchant, polemical tone. Boulez was also one of the most prominent conductors of his generation. In a career lasting more than sixty years, he was music director of the New York Philharmonic, chief conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra, principal guest conductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Cleveland Orchestra, and made frequent appearances with many others.

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