Leonard Bernstein - Piano & Chamber Music (Various Artists)

Information

Composer: Leonard Bernstein

CD1

• Five Anniversaries
• Four Anniversaries
• Seven Anniversaries
• Thirteen Anniversaries
• Piano Sonata
• Touches

CD2

• Leonardo's Vision
• Sonata for Clarinet and Piano
• Sonata for Violin and Piano
• Piano Trio
• Three Meditations from "Mass" for Cello and Piano

CD3

• Elegy for Mippy I, for Horn and Piano
• Elegy for Mippy II, for Solo Trombone
• Waltz for Mippy III, for Tuba and piano
• Rondo for Lifey, for Trumpet and Piano
• Dance Suite for Wind Quintet
• Fanfare for Bima, for Wind Quartet
• Variations on an Octatonic Scale for Recorder and Cello
• Bridal Suite for Piano Four Hands
• Music for Two Pianos
• Four Sabras

Benyamin Nuss, Wayne Marshall & Jennifer Micallef, piano

Chad Hoopes & Lisa Schumann, violin

Fernando Nina & Maria Kliegel, cello

Andy Miles, clarinet

Peter Mönkediek & Peter Roth, trumpet

Maurice Steger, recorder

Paul van Zelm, horn

Jeffrey Kant, trombone

Hans Nickel, tuba

Date: 2017

Label: CAvi-music

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Description

This 3 CD Anniversary Edition celebrates what would have been Leonard Bernstein's 100th birthday. The impressive, high calibre artist roster led by Wayne Marshall play little known works for piano and chamber music written by Bernstein over five decades.

Games with codes, cyphers, codenames and identities run through Bernstein's entire output: references to himself, to people in his private circle, or to works by other composers from all periods and almost all genres from Baroque to jazz. They are easiest to detect in Anniversaries, a series of brief cycles he started writing in the 1940s, soon after his rapid ascension to become one of the most adulated stars on the American music scene. He finished composing the last group of Anniversary pieces in 1988, two years before his death. All in all, Anniversaries comprises a total of 29 pieces: one could affectionately describe them as rapidly sketched portraits without necessarily having to dismiss them as "sweet nothings" (even though Bernstein admittedly changed the dedication of some; others were admittedly written more out of politeness than out of a strong inner need). He dedicated the first piece to his friend and mentor, composer Aaron Copland; the very last one is based on a song entitled First Love, which he had written in fond memory of his mother.

The Sabras cycle, written in four parts (originally planned as six), emerged in the early 1950s in conjunction with Bernstein's first visits to Israel. Hailing from the name for a cactus fruit, "Sabra" designates a Jew born on Israeli territory. The first piece resurfaces as a Lamento in the musical Candide, and structural similarities with the middle of three movements of the Piano Sonata (composed when Bernstein was still a Harvard student) are also noticeable. The Piano Sonata is a challenging, elaborate work that clearly reveals the influence of Aaron Copland.

Bernstein did not compose any other relatively extended or significant work for solo piano until 1981, when he wrote Touches as a commission for the Van Cliburn Competition. Inspired by a model by Copland, the work consists of eight variations and a coda, all based on a chorale theme borrowed from Virgo Blues, written, in turn, for his daughter Jamie's 26th birthday in 1978.

Leonard's Vision belongs to that late phase in which Bernstein, following early worldwide successes such as West Side Story, seems to have fallen out of luck as a composer, while as a conductor he conversely went from strength to strength.

Likewise written during Bernstein's days as a student, the Piano Trio is a further instance where he confronted his outlook with a traditional form – in this case, one of the most distinguished genres of chamber music. Apart from Classical-Romantic and Impressionist reminiscences, the Piano Trio also treads in the footsteps of Bela Bartok by incorporating a number of motifs from folklore. Bernstein re-used certain sections of the Piano Trio in his first musical, On The Town.

Although brief, the Dance Suite is a further highly significant ensemble piece for winds, and, what is more, a true legacy for posterity, since it was premiered just a few months before Bernstein's death within the framework of an anniversary celebration of the American Ballet Theatre at New York Metropolitan Opera. The suite consists in a homage to modern ballet and to five of its main representatives, each mentioned by name, and with whom Bernstein cultivated close musical and personal friendships.

From Bernstein's late period, the Variations on an Octatonic Scale are small miniatures he wrote at his retreat in Key West for the recorder-playing daughter of a friend. The variations found their way into the Concerto for Orchestra, which Bernstein premiered himself at the conductor's desk in 1989, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra.

Two compositions for four-hand piano viz. two pianos reveal much about Bernstein's evolution in terms of style. The first is clearly a work of youth, written when he was still a piano student of Heinrich Gebhard in Boston and performed in public in tandem with a female colleague at a class recital.

— Johannes Jansen

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Leonard Bernstein (August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, author, music lecturer, and pianist. He was among the first conductors born and educated in the US to receive worldwide acclaim. His fame derived from his tenure as the music director of the New York Philharmonic, his concerts with most of the world's leading orchestras, and his composition. As a composer he wrote in many styles encompassing symphonic and orchestral music, ballet, film and theatre music, choral works, opera, chamber music and piano pieces. He also gave numerous television lectures on classical music.

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